Unbrick WRT54GL Dengan Kabel Jtag Rakitan Sendiri

Saat ini saya akan membagikan pengalaman unbrick WRT54GL V1.1, istilah unbrick secara sederhana adalah menghapus OS dalam memori ROM perangkat keras dan mengganti dengan OS yang baru, mengapa kita harus melakukan unbrick ? …. ada beberapa alasan kita melakukan unbrick yakni:

1. Kegagalan dalam upgrade firmware 
2. Ingin mengganti OS pada ROM perangkat

Berikut ini langkah demilangkah dalam melakukan unbrick WRT54GL V1.1
1. Buka body WRT54GL, gunakan sedikit cara kekerasan dalam membukanya
2. Perhatikan gambar berikut, ada 12 Pin yang harus disolder dengan kabel tembaga dan menggunakan resistor 100 om


bahan-bahan yang dibutuhkan yakni solder, timah, kabel tembaga, konektor serial (LPT), resistor 100 om. Buatlah rangkaian seperti diatas
3. Setelah perangkat keras dirakit, selanjutnya download aplikasi untuk melakukan flasing http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/download.php?id=10251&sid=b4e9bedd2c92e2744...
isi dari file yang di download adalah:
LOADDRV.EXE
GIVEIO.SYS
tftp2.exe
jtag.exe
dd-wrt .v24 micro generic.bin
exstrak file yang di download tadi, semua kegiatan ini menggunakan sistem operasi Windows X.
4. copy file GIVEIO.SYS ke c:\windows\system32
dan jalankan LOADDRV dan di dalam box masukkan :
c:\windows\system32\GIVEIO.SYS
kemudian klik tombol install
5. Restart  PC
6. Setelah restart  jalankan kembali LOADDRV
c:\windows\system32\GIVEIO.SYS
dan klik tombol start
7. jalankan CMD (DOS)
8. Dari jendela DOS masuk ke folder tempat disimpannya jtag.exe (file yang di download tadi)
9. Jalankan perintah secara berurutan
jtag.exe -backup:cfe
setelah jalankan perintah diatas, cabut power WRT54GL kemudian hidupkan kembali, tunggu proses backup sekitar 2 menit
ketikkan perintah berikut secara berurutan
jtag.exe -erase:nvram /noreset / noemw
jtag.exe -erase:kernel /noreset /noemw
10. Cabut kabel power WRT54GL kemudian nyalakan kembali
11. Setting IP Address pada komputer 192.168.1.2 netmask  255.255.255.0 kemudian pasang kabel LAN ke PC dan WRT54GL, lakukan ping 192.168.1.1
12. Klik aplikasi tftp2.exe kemudian isi kolom IP 192.168.1.1 (IP WRT54GL)
13. Download file FW_WRT54GL_4.30.14.005_US_20091026.bin di http://homedownloads.cisco.com/downloads/firmware/FW_WRT54GL_4.30.14.005...
14. klik file, dan arahkan ke file FW_WRT54GL_4.30.14.005_US_20091026.bin yang telah di download tadi, kemudian klik “Upgrade”
15. Tunggu hingga proses tranfer selesai, dan tunggu hingga lampu pada cisco menyala
16. semoga sukses



ref : http://www.winardi.com/?q=node/67

Translate File PDF, DOC, XLS, maupun PPT Menggunakan Google Translate

Berawal dari tugas bikin paper yang bahan nya dari bahasa Inggris dan masalah seorang temanku ERICK IRAWADI ALWI yang katanya g ketemu solusi.
Penasaran juga sih pengen nyoba dan hasilnya.......

Setelah membaca dari beberapa referensi dengan bantuan Zoho Viewer bisa menjadi sulusi pemecahan masalah nya.

Langkah-Langkahnya adalah sebagai berikut :

1. Upload file yang akan diterjemahkan ke Zoho Viewer. File bisa dalam format pdf, doc, xls, maupun ppt.
2. Setelah di upload, Zoho viewer akan memberikan url atas file yang telah diupload tersebut.
3. Gunakan alamat url tersebut ke halaman google translate.
4. File sudah dapat diterjemahkan.

Cara Lainnya :

1. Masuk ke freetrans.com
2. Masukan alamat file pdf ke dalamnya. Pilih translate korean to english.
3. Anda akan masuk ke babelfish. Tunggu..

Cara laiinya lagi :

1. Gunakan wordlingo

Jika Anda dapat berbahasa korea, tetapi komputer tidak dapat mendisplaynya, maka lakukan langkah-langkah berikut:

1. Instal windows anda agar dapat mendisplay bahasa yang akan di translate dengan jalan. Namun, jika komputer sudah terinstall bahasa yang diinginkan, maka lakukan langkah kedua.
2. Masuk Control Panel> Klik Date, Time, Regional, dan Languange Option > Klik Add Other Langguange > Check "Install Files for east Asian Language.
3. Restart komputer untuk memberikan effek dari perubahan yang anda lakukan.

Sumber :

1. sohibi
2. lifehacker.biz
3. www.howtofixcomputers.com

Hilangkan pling.mp3 Dari Facebook yang sangat mengganggu

1. Buka Internet Download Manager

2. Pada bagian menu, pilih Download, dan kemudian pilih Options

3. Klik tab File Types dan klik Edit List
4. Akan muncul tampilan berikut, klik Add

5. Isikan alamat pling.mp3 facebook yaitu http://static.ak.fbcdn.net/sound/pling.mp3.

6. Klik OK. Mudah-mudahan setelah itu pesan pling facebook tidak akan muncul lagi forever.

Semoga bermanfaat....

OpenWRT pada Linksys WRT54GL

Proses upgrade firmware OpenWRT pada Linksys  WRT54GL bisa dilakukan dengan 2 cara, yaitu :

1. Menggunakan upgrade firmwire diwebsite.
2. Menggunakan tftp

sebelum instalasi anda download terlebih dahulu binary firmwire dari openwrt. dapat download di link ini :
http://rapidshare.com/files/61963739/openwrt-wrt54g-squashfs.bin.html

ok sekarang kita siap instalasi linksys kita ke OpenWRT

• Menggunakan upgrade firmware website

sekedar informasi ip default yang sudah tersetting di linksys adalah “192.168.1.1″ dengan username “admin” password “admin”
jika berhasil maka anda akan mendapatkan tampilan sebagai berikut :

ok sekarang anda sudah dapat mengakses menu akses point dengan firmwire bawaan linksys. nah anda pilih administration dan pilih firmwire update.
setelah itu masukan file openwrt yang anda download tadi. kemudian klik upgrade. seperti gambar dibawah ini:

jika proses upgrade tidak ada halangan maka anda mendapatkan seperti gambar dibawah ini :

dan

maka openwrt sukses terinstall di linksys anda. openwrt ini belum bisa diakses port 22 (ssh) sebelum anda memberikan password kedalamnya. ada dua cara pertama dengan telnet ke ip 192.168.1.1 atau kedua dengan memasukan password via web.

masukan password yang anda inginkan. dan klik “set” maka ssh ke openwrt anda dan masukan username “root” dan password yang anda isikan.
selamat anda sudah bisa instalasi openwrt dengan menggunakan cara pertama. selamat….

ref : http://servas.wordpress.com/2007/12/01/instalasi-openwrt-di-linksys-wrt54gl/

•  Menggunakan tftp

ok anda sudah sukses install openwrt via web. sekarang anda menggunakan text mode alias console terminal untuk menginstall openwrt.
add ip 192.168.1.x (bukan 1) /24 ke network anda. misal penulis menggunakan ip 192.168.1.2
root@servas-net:/home/servas# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:13:46:3A:F9:2C
inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::213:46ff:fe3a:f92c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2897 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2918 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:600776 (586.6 KiB) TX bytes:1641894 (1.5 MiB)
Interrupt:16 Base address:0x6c00
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:19:21:42:72:EB
inet addr:10.0.0.8 Bcast:10.0.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::219:21ff:fe42:72eb/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:403124 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:358994 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:309454571 (295.1 MiB) TX bytes:30241901 (28.8 MiB)
Interrupt:17 Base address:0xc400
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:376 (376.0 b) TX bytes:376 (376.0 b)
ok kalau sudah coba test ping ke 192.168.1.1 (linksys)
root@servas-net:/home/servas# ping 192.168.1.1
PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.92 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.616 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.619 ms
ok berarti pc anda sudah 1 network dengan linksys dan siap untuk mulai installasi.
root@servas-net:/home/servas# tftp 192.168.1.1 — enter
tftp> mode binary — enter
tftp> put openwrt-wrt54g-squashfs.bin
jangan enter dahulu
sekarang cabut kabel power untuk merestart linksys anda dan kemudian colok kembali, tunggu saat 4 lampu hijau (detector) ethernet pada linksys menyala dan berkedip 1x kemudian anda sambung dengan mengente perintah putt diatas.
jika berhasil maka lampu indikator power dan ethernet sama sama menyala berkedip-kedip cepat. berarti proses flash anda berjalan sambil menunggu linksys tersebut reboot ulang.
jika lampu power dan ethernet tidak berkedip cepat maka ulangi langkah diatas… “put ….”
untuk mengaktifkan ssh anda bisa megakses linksys melalui telnet 192.168.1.1
dan kemudian setelah didalam anda ketikan “passwd” isikan password sesuai keinginan adan dan reboot.
maka secara otomatis fungsi telnet akan di nonaktifkan digantikan fungsi ssh.
root@servas-net:/home/servas# ssh root@192.168.1.1
The authenticity of host ’192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1)’ can’t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is e7:7a:09:f2:1b:0e:95:56:46:b5:0d:3e:7b:29:08:51.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added ’192.168.1.1′ (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.1′s password:
BusyBox v1.00 (2006.11.07-01:40+0000) Built-in shell (ash)
Enter ‘help’ for a list of built-in commands.
_______ ________ __
| |.—–.—–.—–.| | | |.—-.| |_
| – || _ | -__| || | | || _|| _|
|_______|| __|_____|__|__||________||__| |____|
|__| W I R E L E S S F R E E D O M
WHITE RUSSIAN (RC6) ——————————-
* 2 oz Vodka Mix the Vodka and Kahlua together
* 1 oz Kahlua over ice, then float the cream or
* 1/2oz cream milk on the top.
—————————————————
root@OpenWrt:~#

ref : http://servas.wordpress.com/2007/12/01/instalasi-openwrt-di-linksys-wrt54gl-part-2-tftp/

Routing Protocol EIGRP

Sebagai referensi buat saudara kecilku yang mau remedi SBA nih,, klo ada yang salah mohon di koreksi yah agan-agan.. Maklum masih belajar juga.. Karakteristik Routing EIGRP sebagai berikut :

1. Menggunakan protokol routing enhanced distance vector
2. Menggunakan cost load balancing yang tidak sama
3. Menggunakan algoritma kombinasi antara distance vector dan link-state
4. Menggunakan Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) untuk menghitung jalur terpendek.
5. Maksimum hop sebanyak 255 hop.
6. Biasa digunakan pada jaringan berskala besar.
7. EIGRP akan mencari sendiri Routing Table dari Router-Router tetangganya sehingga tidak perlu memperkenalkan Nework tetangga.
8. Autonomous System (AS) yang berfungsi untuk membuat semua Router yang berada pada AS yang sama berada dalam satu lingkup area sehingga dapat melakukan komunikasi data.
9. Mendukung VLSM (Variable Lenght Subnet Mask)
10. Tidak melakukan secara periodik, tetapi akan melakukan update apabila terjadi perubahan pada Routing Table.

Kelebihan-kelebihan EIGRP

1. Satu-satunya protokol routing yang menggunakan route backup. Selain memaintain tabel routing terbaik, EIGRP juga menyimpan backup terbaik untuk setiap route sehingga setiap kali terjadi kegagalan pada jalur utama, maka EIGRP menawarkan jalur alternatif tanpa menunggu waktu convergence.
2. Mudah dikonfigurasi semudah RIP.
3. Summarization dapat dilakukan dimana saja dan kapan saja. Pada OSPF summarization hanya bisa dilakukan di ABR dan ASBR.
4. EIGRP satu-satunya yang dapat melakukan unequal load balancing.
5. Kombinasi terbaik dari protokol distance vector dan link state.
6. Mendukung multiple protokol network (IP, IPX, dan lain-lain).

Berikut contoh design dan konfigurasi menggunakan Routing Protokol EIGRP :LAN A :
IP 20.20.20.2
Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0
Gateway 20.20.20.1


LAN B :
IP 198.100.100.2
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
Gateway 198.100.100.1


LAN C :
IP 150.140.140.2
Subnet Mask 255.255.0.0
Gateway 150.140.140.1


LAN D :
IP 135.135.135.2
Subnet Mask 255.255.0.0
Gateway 135.135.135.1

ROUTER 1 :
fast ethernet 0/0 : 20.20.20.1
serial 0/0/0 :140.140.140.1
serial 0/0/1 : 200.200.200.1


ROUTER 2 :
fast ethernet 0/0 : 198.100.100.1
serial 0/0/0 :140.140.140.2
serial 0/0/1 : 10.10.10.1


ROUTER 3 :
fast ethernet 0/0 : 150.140.140.1
serial 0/0/0 :10.10.10.2
serial 0/0/1 : 7.7.7.1


ROUTER 4 :
fast ethernet 0/0 : 135.135.135.1
serial 0/0/0 :200.200.200.2
serial 0/0/1 : 7.7.7.2

Konfigurasinya adalah sebagai berikut :

ROUTER 1 :

router# configure terminal
router(config)#hostname router1
router1(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
router1(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.0.0.0
router1(config-if)#no shutdown
router1(config-if)#exit
router1(config)#interface serial0/0/0
router1(config-if)#ip address 140.140.140.1 255.255.0.0
router1(config-if)#no shutdown
router1(config-if)#exit
router1(config)#interface serial0/0/1
router1(config-if)#ip address 200.200.200.1 255.255.255.0
router1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
router1(config-if)#no shutdown
router1(config-if)#exit
router1(config)#router eigrp 10
router1(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0
router1(config-router)#network 140.140.0.0
router1(config-router)#network 200.200.200.0
router1(config-router)#exit
router1(config)#exit


ROUTER 2 :

router# configure terminal
router(config)#hostname router2
router2(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
router2(config-if)#ip address 198.100.100.1 255.255.255.0
router2(config-if)#no shutdown
router2(config-if)#exit
router2(config)#interface serial0/0/0
router2(config-if)#ip address 140.140.140.2 255.255.0.0
router2(config-if)#no shutdown
router2(config-if)#exit
router2(config)#interface serial0/0/1
router2(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.0.0.0
router2(config-if)#clock rate 64000
router2(config-if)#no shutdown
router2(config-if)#exit
router2(config)#router eigrp 10
router2(config-router)#network 198.100.100.0
router2(config-router)#network 140.140.0.0
router2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
router2(config-router)#exit
router2(config)#exit



ROUTER 3 :

router# configure terminal
router(config)#hostname router3
router3(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
router3(config-if)#ip address 150.140.140.1 255.255.0.0
router3(config-if)#no shutdown
router3(config-if)#exit
router3(config)#interface serial0/0/0
router3(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.2 255.0.0.0
router3(config-if)#no shutdown
router3(config-if)#exit
router3(config)#interface serial0/0/1
router3(config-if)#ip address 7.7.7.1 255.0.0.0
router3(config-if)#clock rate 64000
router3(config-if)#no shutdown
router3(config-if)#exit
router3(config)#router eigrp 10
router3(config-router)#network 150.140.0.0
router3(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
router3(config-router)#network 7.0.0.0
router3(config-router)#exit
router3(config)#exit


ROUTER 4 :

router# configure terminal
router(config)#hostname router4
router4(config)#interface fastethernet0/0
router4(config-if)#ip address 135.135.135.1 255.255.0.0
router4(config-if)#no shutdown
router4(config-if)#exit
router4(config)#interface serial0/0/0
router4(config-if)#ip address 200.200.200.2 255.255.255.0
router4(config-if)#no shutdown
router4(config-if)#exit
router4(config)#interface serial0/0/1
router4(config-if)#ip address 7.7.7.2 255.0.0.0
router4(config-if)#clock rate 64000
router4(config-if)#no shutdown
router4(config-if)#exit
router4(config)#router eigrp 10
router4(config-router)#network 135.135.0.0
router4(config-router)#network 200.200.200.0
router4(config-router)#network 7.0.0.0
router4(config-router)#exit
router4(config)#exit

Untuk verifikasi konfigurasi EIGRP:
# sh ip route ==> melihat routing table
# sh ip protocol ==> melihat routing protocol di router kita
# sh ip eigrp neighbor ==> melihat neighbor table EIGRP
# sh ip eigrp topology ==> melihat topology table EIGRP
# sh ip route eigrp ==> melihat routing table EIGRP

# debug ip eigrp ==> melihat proses mengirim & menerima routing update RIP
# terminal monitor ==> utk melihat hasil debug (khusus bagi yg via telnet/SSH)
# no debug all ATAU #undebug all ==> mematikan proses debugging

Network Fundamentals V40 chapter 7

1. Which options are properties of contention-based media access for a shared media? (Choose three.)
non-deterministic
less overhead
one station transmits at a time
collisions exist
devices must wait their turn
token passing

2. What is a primary purpose of encapsulating packets into frames?
provide routes across the internetwork
format the data for presentation to the user
facilitate the entry and exit of data on media
identify the services to which transported data is associated

3. Refer to the exhibit. How many unique CRC calculations will take place as traffic routes from the PC to the laptop?
1
2
4
8
16

4. What is true concerning physical and logical topologies?
The logical topology is always the same as the physical topology.
Physical topologies are concerned with how a network transfers frames.
Physical signal paths are defined by Data Link layer protocols.
Logical topologies consist of virtual connections between nodes.

5. Refer to the exhibit. Assuming that the network in the exhibit is converged meaning the routing tables and ARP tables are complete, which MAC address will Host A place in the destination address field of Ethernet frames destined for

00-0c-85-cf-65-c0
00-0c-85-cf-65-c1
00-1c-41-ab-c0-00

6. What are three characteristics of valid Ethernet Layer 2 addresses? (Choose three.)
They are 48 binary bits in length.
They are considered physical addresses.
They are generally represented in hexadecimal format.
They consist of four eight-bit octets of binary numbers.
They are used to determine the data path through the network.
They must be changed when an Ethernet device is added or moved within the network.

7. Refer to the exhibit. A frame is being sent from the PC to the laptop. Which source MAC and IP addresses will be included in the frame as it leaves RouterB? (Choose two.)
source MAC – PC
source MAC – S0/0 on RouterA
source MAC – Fa0/1 on RouterB
source IP – PC
source IP – S0/0 on RouterA
source IP – Fa0/1 of RouterB

8. What determines the method of media access control? (Choose two.)
network layer addressing
media sharing
application processes
logical topology
intermediary device function

9. What is the purpose of the preamble in an Ethernet frame?
is used as a pad for data
identifies the source address
identifies the destination address
marks the end of timing information
**is used for timing synchronization with alternating patterns of ones and zeros

10. What statements are true regarding addresses found at each layer of the OSI model? (Choose two.)
Layer 2 may identify devices by a physical address burned into the network card
Layer 2 identifies the applications that are communicating
Layer 3 represents a hierarchical addressing scheme
Layer 4 directs communication to the proper destination network
Layer 4 addresses are used by intermediary devices to forward data

11. Which statements describe the logical token-passing topology? (Choose two.)
Network usage is on a first come, first serve basis.
Computers are allowed to transmit data only when they possess a token.
Data from a host is received by all other hosts.
Electronic tokens are passed sequentially to each other.
Token passing networks have problems with high collision rates.

12. Which sublayer of the data link layer prepares a signal to be transmitted at the physical layer?
LLC
MAC
HDLC
NIC

13. What is true regarding media access control? (Choose three.)
Ethernet utilizes CSMA/CD
defined as placement of data frames on the media
contention-based access is also known as deterministic
802.11 utilizes CSMA/CD
Data Link layer protocols define the rules for access to different media
controlled access contains data collisions

14. What is a characteristic of a logical point-to-point topology?
The nodes are physically connected.
The physical arrangement of the nodes is restricted.
The media access control protocol can be very simple.
The data link layer protocol used over the link requires a large frame header.

15. What two facts are true when a device is moved from one network or subnet to another? (Choose two.)
The Layer 2 address must be reassigned.
The default gateway address should not be changed.
The device will still operate at the same Layer 2 address.
Applications and services will need additional port numbers assigned.
The Layer 3 address must be reassigned to allow communications to the new network.

16. What is a function of the data link layer?
provides the formatting of data
provides end-to-end delivery of data between hosts
provides delivery of data between two applications
provides for the exchange data over a common local media

17. Which three factors should be considered when implementing a Layer 2 protocol in a network? (Choose three.)
the Layer 3 protocol selected
the geographic scope of the network
the PDU defined by the transport layer
the physical layer implementation
the number of hosts to be interconnected

18. What is the primary purpose of the trailer in a data link layer frame?
define the logical topology
provide media access control
support frame error detection
carry routing information for the frame

19. A network administrator has been asked to provide a graphic representation of exactly where the company network wiring and equipment are located in the building. What is this type of drawing?
logical topology
physical topology
cable path
wiring grid
access topology

20. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement describes the media access control methods that are used by the networks in the exhibit?
All three networks use CSMA/CA
None of the netw

Terbitkan Entri

orks require media access control.
Network 1 uses CSMA/CD and Network 3 uses CSMA/CA.
Network 1 uses CSMA/CA and Network 2 uses CSMA/CD.
Network 2 uses CSMA/CA and Network 3 uses CSMA/CD.

Network Fundamentals V40 chapter 6

1. How many bits make up an IPv4 address?
128
64
48
32 **

2. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has to develop an IP addressing scheme that uses the 192.168.1.0 /24 address space. The network that contains the serial link has already been addressed out of a separate range. Each network will be allocated the same number of host addresses. Which network mask will be appropriate to address the remaining networks?
255.255.255.248
255.255.255.224
255.255.255.192
255.255.255.240
255.255.255.128
255.255.255.252

3. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has assigned the internetwork of LBMISS an address range of 192.168.10.0. This address range has been subnetted using a /29 mask. In order to accommodate a new building, the technician has decided to use the fifth subnet for configuring the new network (subnet zero is the first subnet). By company policies, the router interface is always assigned the first usable host address and the workgroup server is given the last usable host address. Which configuration should be entered into the workgroup server’s properties to allow connectivity to the network?
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 default gateway: 192.168.10.39
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 default gateway: 192.168.10.33
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 default gateway: 192.168.10.33
IP address: 192.168.10.39 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 default gateway: 192.168.10.31
IP address: 192.168.10.254 subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 default gateway: 192.168.10.1

4. Refer to the exhibit. Which network prefix will work with the IP addressing scheme shown in the graphic.
/24
/16
/20
/27
/25
/28

5. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator discovers that host A is having trouble with Internet connectivity, but the server farm has full connectivity. In addition, host A has full connectivity to the server farm. What is a possible cause of this problem?
The router has an incorrect gateway.
Host A has an overlapping network address.
Host A has an incorrect default gateway configured.
Host A has an incorrect subnet mask.
NAT is required for the host A network.

6. What subnet mask would a network administrator assign to a network address of 172.30.1.0 if it were possible to have up to 254 hosts?
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.254.0
255.255.248.0

7. Given the IP address and subnet mask of 172.16.134.64 255.255.255.224, which of the following would describe this address?
This is a useable host address.
This is a broadcast address.
This is a network address.
This is not a valid address.

8. What three facts are true about the network portion of an IPv4 address? (Choose three.)
identifies an individual device
is identical for all hosts in a broadcast domain
is altered as packet is forwarded
varies in length
is used to forward packets
uses flat addressing

9. What is the network address of the host 172.25.67.99 /23 in binary?
10101100. 00011001.01000011.00000000
10101100. 00011001.01000011.11111111
10101100. 00011001.01000010.00000000
10101100. 00011001.01000010.01100011
10101100. 00010001.01000011. 01100010
10101100. 00011001.00000000.00000000

10. A router interface has been assigned an IP address of 172.16.192.166 with a mask of 255.255.255.248. To which subnet does the IP address belong?
172.16.0.0
172.16.192.0
172.16.192.128
172.16.192.160
172.16.192.168
172.16.192.176

11. Refer to the exhibit. Why would the response shown be displayed after issuing the command ping 127.0.0.1 on a PC?
The IP settings are not properly configured on the host.
Internet Protocol is not properly installed on the host.
There is a problem at the physical or data link layer.
The default gateway device is not operating.
A router on the path to the destination host has gone down.

12. What two things will happen if a router receives an ICMP packet which has a TTL value of 1 and the destination host is several hops away? (Choose two.)
The router will discard the packet.
The router will decrement the TTL value and forward the packet to the next router on the path to the destination host.
The router will send a time exceeded message to the source host.
The router will increment the TTL value and forward the packet to the next router on the path to the destination host.
The router will send an ICMP Redirect Message to the source host.

13. Which of the following are features of IPv6? (Choose three.)
larger address space
faster routing protocols
data types and classes of service
authentication and encryption
improved host naming conventions
same addressing scheme as IPv4

14. Which process do routers use to determine the subnet network address based upon a given IP address and subnet mask?
binary adding
hexadecimal anding
binary division
binary multiplication
binary ANDing

15. What is the primary reason for development of IPv6?
security
header format simplification
expanded addressing capabilities
addressing simplification

16. Which three IP addresses are private? (Choose three.)
172.168.33.1
10.35.66.70
192.168.99.5
172.18.88.90
192.33.55.89
172.35.16.5

17. Which statements are true regarding IP addressing? (Choose two.)
NAT translates public addresses to private addresses destined for the Inter net.
Only one company is allowed to use a specific private network address space.
Private addresses are blocked from public Internet by router.
Network 172.32.0.0 is part of the private address space.
IP address 127.0.0.1 can be used for a host to direct traffic to itself.

18. Which IPv4 subnetted addresses represent valid host addresses? (Choose three.)
172.16.4.127 /26
172.16.4.155 /26
172.16.4.193 /26
172.16.4.95 /27
172.16.4.159 /27
172.16.4.207 /27

19. What is a group of hosts called that have identical bit patterns in the high order bits of their addresses?
an internet
a network
an octet
a radi

20. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is connected to the LAN, but it cannot get access to any resources on the Internet. The configuration of the host is shown in the exhibit. What could be the cause of the problem?
The host subnet mask is incorrect.
The default gateway is a network address.
The default gateway is a broadcast address.
The default gateway is on a different subnet from the host.

21. Which of the following network devices are recommended to be assigned static IP addresses? (Choose three.)
LAN workstations
servers **
network printers **
routers **
remote workstations
laptops